Established in 1987 in CA - The Packard Humanities Institute (PHI) was established in 1987 to create tools for basic research in the Humanities and to foster public interest in the history, literature, and music of the past. Before PHI existed, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation made grants to support some of these same activities. Since its founding, PHI has been an operating rather than a grant-making foundation. They have undertaken a small number of projects, all of which have involved long-term financial commitments and professional partnerships with teams of scholars at major universities. Most PHI projects have been expected to last for a decade or more. In its first decade, PHI devoted most of its attention to creating electronic databases in three areas: (1) Latin literature, (2) Ancient Greek papyri and inscriptions, (3) Founding Fathers of American democracy (Benjamin Franklin and others). More recently, PHI has initiated a small number of long-term projects in archaeology, film preservation, restoration of historic theatres, music publishing, education , and human rights in emerging democracies.