As a complement to its foundation, Google makes charitable contributions to nonprofit organizations directly. Support is given to organizations involved with science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education; empowerment through technology; and crisis response. Support is given on a national and international basis in areas of company operations. At the close of 2017, Google.org announced the commitment of $1 billion for grants (as well as 1 million volunteer hours) to non-profits that use technology and innovation to tackle complex global challenges, with focus on education, economic opportunity and inclusion.